Textile-Made Foot Pressure Pads or Socks for Piano Pedal Teaching: Visualization and Correction of Pedal Force and Timing

Fine-grained piano pedal control is essential for tonal continuity and expressive performance, but learners often lack quantitative feedback on pedal force, timing, and coordination. This study designs and implements a piano pedal teaching system based on textile pressure-sensing pads or socks. A flexible piezoresistive sensor array collects multipoint plantar pressure signals, which are amplified, filtered, converted by a microcontroller unit, and transmitted wirelessly to the host computer. The software uses pressure-threshold segmentation to identify pedal states, timestamp synchronization to record pedaling timing, and a two-dimensional force-time visualization interface to display operation trajectories. By comparing learner data with standard performance templates, the system outputs deviation heatmaps and correction suggestions. Experimental results show high pressure detection accuracy, millisecond-level timing resolution, and reliable recognition of the damper, soft, and sostenuto pedals. The study demonstrates the value of textile-based flexible sensing, wireless data transmission, and real-time signal visualization in music-performance pedagogy.