Koch (1) in summarizing the findings of his research group stated that there are marked daily fluctuations in the urinary excretion of androgens and estrogens in normal men and women. He found an average daily excretion of 60 international units of androsterone in men and 50 I.U. in women. He gave no data on children. He found as an average daily excretion of estrogens, expressed as estrone, 9 to 12 γ for men and 18 to 36 γ for women. In male castrates he found exceedingly small amounts of sex hormones in the urine. Kochakian (2) has not expressed his units in terms of any standard; however, he found that young men excreted 6 to 36 capon units daily with an average of 14 C.U. Old men excreted less hormone. He was unable to recover more than 6 per cent of the androstendion injected into either men, rabbits, or dogs. Pedersen-Bjergaard (3) did not define the size of his capon unit but showed a hormone excretion for a normal adult male of 15 to 25 C.U. and gave the excretion of an 8-year-old boy as less than 3 C.U.
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Oesting et al. (1938) studied this question.