The work presented here describes an effective method for signal-authentication and spoofing detection for civilian GNSS receivers using the GPS L1 C/A and the Galileo E1-B Safety of Life service. The paper discusses various spoofing attack profiles and how the proposed method is able to detect these attacks. This method is relatively low cost and can be suitable for numerous mass-market applications.
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Chris Wullems (2012) studied this question.
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