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An efficient and sustainable Minisci-type C(sp 2 )–C(sp 2 ) cross-coupling of N-heteroarenes with aldehydes has been developed. The reaction employs FeCl 3 as photocatalyst, purple LED light as the energy source, and air as the sole oxidant, operating smoothly at ambient temperate. This protocol shows broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies reveal that LMCT-generated chlorine radicals mediate acyl radical generation, providing a cost-effective, atom-economical, and green approach to acylated azaheterocycles.
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Wan et al. (2025) studied this question.
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