Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Gary Kleck, Marc Gertz, The Illegitimacy of One-Sided Speculation: Getting the Defensive Gun Use Estimate down, The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), Vol. 87, No. 4 (Summer, 1997), pp. 1446-1461
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Kleck et al. (1997) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: