Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
We present measurements of resistive and sympathetic cooling of ion clouds confined in a Penning trap. For resistive cooling of a cloud consisting of one ion species, we observe a significant deviation from exponential cooling behavior which is explained by an energy-transfer model. The observed sympathetic cooling of simultaneously confined ion species shows a quadratic dependence on the ion charge state and is hence in agreement with expectations from the physics of dilute non-neutral plasmas.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Vogel et al. (2014) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: