We fabricated planar heterojunction (PHJ) solar cells with enhanced efficiencies by introducing fullerene (C60) interlayers of thicknesses of 0, 3, 7, and 10 nm between the air-stable amorphous compact titanium oxide (TiOx) and CH3NH3PbI3 layers. The modified morphology obtained by inclusion of C60 improved the surface energy properties of the cells in terms of enhanced photocurrent. The optimum thickness of the C60 interlayer was 7 nm, for which a maximum power conversion efficiency of 9.51% was obtained.
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Shahiduzzaman et al. (2015) studied this question.
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