Electricity-Carbon Coordinated Optimal Dispatch for Multiple Industrial Parks Considering Life Cycle Carbon Emissions on the Power Generation Side

Current electricity-carbon markets commonly assume that renewable energy generation provides zero-carbon electricity. However, from a lifecycle perspective, carbon emissions persist during the construction, maintenance, and decommissioning phases of renewable energy systems. To address this gap, by incorporating lifecycle carbon emissions from renewable energy systems and thermal power units, a Lifecycle-Internalized Carbon Offset Mechanism is proposed to enforce renewable energy systems to internalize their lifecycle carbon responsibilities. Furthermore, based on carbon emission flow theory, a bi-level optimal dispatch framework is developed for electricity-carbon coordination across multiple industrial parks. The upper-level model formulates a distribution network dispatch strategy incorporating the proposed mechanism and computes dynamic nodal carbon intensity. The lower-level model performs low-carbon economic dispatch for industrial parks, aiming to minimize operational and carbon emission costs based on the upper-level-derived carbon intensity values. The optimal production and electricity-carbon trading strategies are derived through iterative coordination between the two levels, and a dichotomy-based heuristic method is employed to mitigate solution oscillations. Case study results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively reduces carbon emissions from industrial park operations while maintaining economic efficiency.