Prevalence of Surgical Site Infection and Pattern of Antibiotic Use in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: To determine the prevalence of surgical site infection and to find out the most frequent pathogen in cases operated in casualty of LRH Peshawar, Pakistan and to which antibiotics isolated pathogens are sensitive. Study Design. A descriptive and cross sectional study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at surgical C unit of LRH Peshawar. A descriptive hospital record based study was carried out starting from1st November 2018 to 30th November 2019. Methods: Total 125 patients of both genders aged between 10-80 years were included in this study. Patients detailed demographics age, sex and body mass index were recorded after taking written consent. Patients who suffered from peritonitis secondary to traumatic bowel perforation or perforated viscus and later on developed surgical site infection after being operated in casuality were included.while those on elective list were excluded. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 24.0 version. Results: Mean age of the patients were 38.96 ±8.14 years with mean BMI 28.96 ±4.14 kg/m2 . 70 (56%) patients were males and 55 (44%) were females. Out of 125 presented cases infection rate was observed among 18 (14.4) patients those were affected with surgical site. Causative organism isolated was found escherichia coli. Commonly prescribed antibiotics were Cefoperazone Sulbactam which was followed by the ceftriaxone and metronidazole during the operative time. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that surgical site infection was found 14.4 % and can be cured by early medication. Cefoperazone Sulbactam was the most commonly used drug. The most commonly pathogens isolated from patients with postoperative SSIs was found to be Escherichia coli (35.2%) followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (28%).