Catenary systems in electric railways (ERs) are highly vulnerable to ice formation during freezing rain and ice storms, posing serious risks to train operational safety. Existing catenary online anti-icing and de-icing schemes for ac ERs require substantial investment in power converters and cause notable catenary voltage disturbances. Therefore, this article presents a terminal series-connected catenary online anti-icing and de-icing system (SADS) for double-track ac ERs. Compared to existing schemes, SADS substantially lowers the investment costs of power converters and reduces catenary voltage disturbances. SADS consists of a single-phase series converter and a single-phase shunt converter. It injects an anti-icing/de-icing current with adjustable amplitude and phase angle at the catenary terminal, achieving online anti-icing/de-icing for both the upward and downward catenaries simultaneously. Based on the impact characteristics of SADS on catenary currents and voltages, a catenary terminal voltage-oriented anti-icing/de-icing current optimization method is designed. This method optimizes the phase angle and amplitude of the anti-icing/de-icing current to minimize catenary voltage deviations and prevent catenary overcurrent. Finally, hardware-in-the-loop tests confirm the effectiveness of the proposed SADS. In a realistic freezing rain disaster scenario, SADS reduces the required power converter capacity by 88.90% (i.e., 68.46 MVA) compared to existing schemes.
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Ge et al. (2025) studied this question.
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