Mutations in -lactamases detected in multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria isolated from community acquired urinary tract infections in Assiut, Egypt

The aim of this study was to characterize the beta lactamases genes of bacteria isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI) in Assiut, Egypt. Results revealed that one hundred fifty nine [31.8%] out from 500 urine samples were culture-positive. Escherichia coli was the most common UTI pathogen [61%] followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae [23.3%], Proteus mirabilis [8.2%] and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [7.5%]. Sensitivity of isolates to ampicillin was [15%], amoxicillin/clavulanic acid [43.5%], ceftriaxone [24%], imipenem [95.6%], amikacin [75%], ciprofloxacin [21.4%] and trimethoprim /sulfamethoxazole [37%]. Confirmatory phenotypic detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases [ESBLs] by ESBL E-test method resulted in [42.7%] isolates were ESBLs producers. Genotypic characterization of ESBLs genes in phenotypically positive isolates resulted in [91.2%] were ESBL producers. The presence of CTX-M type ESBL was [75%] followed by TEM [37%], OXA [24%] and SHV [21%]. Sequencing of ESBLs genes showed that CTX-M-15, OXA [1,116], TEM-1 and SHV [1, 11,111,115] as new ESBL types. Multiple sequence alignment of sequenced genes showed mutation in L31R in SHV-11[Novel SHV-115], E29Q in SHV-1[Novel SHV-111], and P65R in TEM-1 and I97M in OXA-1 [Novel OXA-116]. This study is one from first studies in Egypt that highlights the presence of multiple mutations in ESBLs.   Key words: Uropathogens, extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), mutation, Egypt.