Scoliosis surgery has been associated with pancreatitis and acalculous cholecystitis, and also has been implicated as a risk factor for cholelithiasis. A prospective study of 36 children and adolescents undergoing scoliosis surgery was performed using ultrasound to determine the incidence of cholelithiasis following spine surgery. The patients underwent abdominal ultrasound exams preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and then at intervals following surgery with 2-5-year follow-up. Four of 36 patients (11.1%) (one male, three female) developed gallstones, although all had been free of gallstones after surgery. The gallstones appeared between 2 + 5 and 5 years after surgery. Those with gallstones were not different from those without with respect to 14 factors. It is concluded that scoliosis surgery is not a risk factor for gallstones, because of the delay in onset of cholelithiasis after surgery. Furthermore, the prevalence of gallstones in this study sample is not greater than that reported in historical control studies of European young adults.
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Fuller et al. (1994) studied this question.