Closed Reduction for Developmental Hip Dysplasia in Lately Diagnosed Walking Age Children

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the success and possible complications of closed reduction (CR) treatment of developmental hip dysplasia (DHD) in late-diagnosed children and explores its relation to the acetabular index (AI) measurement prior to treatment. Patients and Methods: Twenty-three consecutive patients with dislocated hips, 16 unilateral and 7 bilateral (30 hips), were retrospectively included in the study. They were admitted to the specialist pediatric orthopedic unit of the University Hospital (Tripoli Medical Center) in Tripoli, Libya. There were 21 females and 2 males with an average age at diagnosis of 17 months (range from 14 to 31 months). Their average follow-up period was 3 years (2–5 years), and none of them received treatment prior to diagnosis. All patients received prior inpatient skin traction for at least 2 weeks followed by CR with soft tissue release (adductor tenotomy), hip spica applied and maintained for an average of 3 months. Patients who had a failure of reduction or resubluxation at follow-up went for open reduction and a reconstruction procedure. Results: CR was successful in 27 hips (90%), failed in 3 (10%) other, the average age of the successful reduction group was 20.5 months, while that of the open reduction group, it was 23 months ( P = 0.25). The average AI of the CR group was 39.0°, while that of the open reduction group, it was 42.7° ( P = 0.15); 6.7% of patients with an AI of <40° had a failure of CR, while 16.7% of an AI of >40° had a failure of CR of the hip ( P = 0.46). No complications of treatment were recorded at follow-up. Conclusion: Staged CR of DHD in older children in the hands of experienced specialists is still a valid means of their treatment, especially in developing countries with limited resources. There is a relatively higher failure rate of CR, the older the child is and the higher the AI.