Precise highway alignment data to be used in car navigation and ITS to increase driving safety must be kept up-to-date and accurate. A Mobile Mapping System (MMS) provides a highway alignment database and offers unparalleled productivity when combined with navigation and videogrammetry tools. The MMS we propose features a GPS/Dead Reckoning (DR) combined navigation system, a three-axis GPS-Gyro/Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), laser scanners, nearly horizontal cameras, and network-based Positioning Augmentation Services (PAS TM ) (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation) and measures center-line and side-line locations precisely based on a 3D road surface model. The carrier-phased D-GPS/DR navigation system and GPS-Gyro/IMU conducts highly accurate positioning in centimeters and posture estimation at 0.073° rms for heading, 0.064° rms for pitch, and 0.116° for roll. It provides 0.095 m rms accuracy for both center-line and side-line measurement when GPS visibility is sufficient. A comparison of accuracy between static RTK-GPS measurement and MMS measurement on the Tateyama Kurobe alpine route confirmed MMS dynamic measurement accuracy and effectiveness.
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ISHIKAWA et al. (2007) studied this question.
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