Why the study?
Classical swine fever remains a complex and persistent threat, caused by CSFV, an RNA virus with a high mutation rate causing significant economic damage.
There are notable genetic differences between circulating CSFV strains in Vietnam and current vaccine strains, highlighting the need for updated vaccines.
Classical swine fever is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases, causing significant economic damage to the pig industry globally and in Vietnam. The disease is caused by the Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV), an RNA virus with a high mutation rate. Classical swine fever remains a complex and persistent threat. In this study, the full E2 gene of CSFV strains collected from Ha Noi (21.028333 N, 105.853333 E), Da Nang (16.079 N, 108.217 E), and Quang Ninh (21.250982 N, 107.193604 E) was analyzed alongside three vaccine strains currently used in Vietnam. The results show that the highly virulent CSFV strains circulating in 2023 belong to genotypes 1.1, 2.1, and 2.2, while the vaccine strains in use belong to genotype 1.1. There are notable differences in amino acids at key antigen epitope sites between the vaccine strains and the circulating CSFV strains in 2023. These findings highlight the need to develop new vaccines that are better suited to the currently circulating virus strains.
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Hương et al. (2025) studied this question.
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