Highly crystalline and nearly monodisperse In 2 O 3 nanocrystals with both cube and flower shapes were successfully synthesized in one step through a facile aqueous solvothermal method for the first time, free of any surfactant or template. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selective area electron diffraction (SAED), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to characterize the samples. In our work, the use of diethylene glycol (DEG) is a crucial factor for the formation of the In 2 O 3 phase. CO(NH 2 ) 2 and a defined amount of water play important roles in the formation of the In 2 O 3 with different nanostructures. Detailed formation mechanisms for the In 2 O 3 phase have been proposed on the hydrolysis of indium alkoxide complexes at elevated temperature in DEG solutions, and the general growth mechanisms for the In 2 O 3 nanostructures have been discussed. Compared with nonaqueous solvothermal synthesis of In 2 O 3, we present a simple aqueous synthesis method by combining a hydrothermal process with a polyol method.
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Yang et al. (2007) studied this question.