Plasticity‐Damage Model for Concrete under Cyclic Multiaxial Loading

A model that combines plasticity and damage mechanics is developed to assess both multiaxial monotonic and cyclic behavior of concrete. The model adopts a bounding surface concept and combines plastic deformation with the deformation due to damage. Plastic strain components are calculated by using the plastic modulus that is a function of the distance from the current stress point to the bounding surface along the deviatoric stress direction Sij. Similarly, damage growth rate is obtained by the hardening modulus, which is a function of the distance just defined. The hardening behavior of concrete is assumed herein to be controlled by both damage and plasticity, while the strain‐softening regime is controlled by damage processes only. The simultaneous use of the plasticity surface and the damage surface, leads to a constitutive model that accounts for the essential features of concrete such as pressure sensitivity, shear compaction‐dilatancy, stiffness degradation, and softening behavior.