Research Progress in Ionic Liquids Based Carbon Dioxide Capture

二氧化碳过量排放导致的全球气候变暖问题日益严峻，碳捕集与封存(CCS)技术作为关键减排手段面临效率、成本及环境友好性等多重挑战。本文系统介绍了CCS技术的主要方法，并聚焦离子液体作为新型CO2吸收剂的创新应用。离子液体凭借其低挥发性、高稳定性及可设计性等优势展现出显著潜力。本文通过对比分析，重点探讨了咪唑类、醇胺类及氨基酸离子液体的性能优势，旨在为开发高效、低成本的碳捕集材料与技术提供理论参考，助力碳中和目标的实现。The global warming problem caused by excessive CO2 emissions is becoming increasingly serious. As a key emission reduction approach, CCS technology is facing multiple challenges such as efficiency, cost and environmental friendliness. This review systematically introduces the main methods of CCS technology and focuses on the innovative application of ionic liquids as novel CO2 absorbents. Ionic liquids show remarkable potential due to their low volatility, high stability, and designability. Through comparative analysis, the performance advantages of imidazole, alkanolamine, and amino acid ionic liquids are discussed in this review, aiming to provide theoretical references for the development of highly efficient and low-cost carbon capture materials and technologies, and to help achieve the carbon neutrality goal.