The basic features and most salient examples of flow-through chemical and biochemical sensors based on the integration of derivative analytical reactions, separation processes (dialysis, gas diffusion, sorption, liquid–liquid extraction) and detection (optical, electroanalytical, mass, thermal) are presented and discussed, and critically compared with those of probe-type sensors and conventional continuous-flow configurations, where such processes take place sequentially in separate modules.
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Valcárcel et al. (1993) studied this question.
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