Isolation and full-genome sequencing of porcine sapelovirus strain in piglets from Hainan province, China

Background: Porcine sapelovirus (PSV) is a species of the genus Sapelovirus within the family Picornaviridae, which associated with facute diarrhoea, respiratory distress, reproductive failure, and severe neurological disorders in swine. The first isolate strian of PSV was reported in Hainan province, China in 2019. Results: We report the isolation, genomic sequence of PSV isolated from pig diarrhea samples. The PSV strain was correctly identified by RT-PCR, IFA, WB assays, which appeared spherical with a diameter of approximately 25 nm by TEM. We named the strain PSV HaN01-CH2019, and its full genomes were 7,551 bp nucleotides in length. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PSV HaN01-CH2019 and Chinese HuN01 strain are related in comparing with other reference strains. Conclusions: We successfully isolated the first PSV strain in Hainan province and prepared polyclonal antibodies. It is evident that PSV infection has occurred in Hainan province, and therefore, active molecular and serological investigation is important to swine population. Moreover, veterinarians must pay attention to this diarrhoea and reinforce biosecurity measures to prevent PSV spread.