A ternary dispersion solvent system─comprising water, 1-propanol, and cyclohexanol─was investigated for the fabrication of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) via screen printing in proton exchange membrane (PEM) hydrogen fuel cells. The effects of solvent composition on catalyst layer (CL) morphology, reproducibility, and electrochemical performance were systematically evaluated. SEM analysis revealed that solvent combinations with near-equivalent proportions yielded highly uniform and reproducible CLs, indicating superior mechanical stability during processing. Electrochemical characterization demonstrated that MEAs prepared with these optimized solvents achieved enhanced catalyst activity and power generation per milligram of platinum, exceeding previously reported Nafion-based screen-printed MEAs by up to 100% at 0.35 V. These results support the advancement of screen-printing technology toward scalable MEA production and contribute to the broader deployment of PEMFCs in sustainable energy systems.
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Peña et al. (2025) studied this question.
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