The solid‐state reaction; was conducted between 1458 and 1719 K in air . The reaction obeyed the parabolic rate law and the diffusion of yttrium ion controlled the reaction.According to Wagner's theory, the diffusion coefficient of yttrium ion Y 3+ in was evaluated using the Gibbs free energy change of the reaction and the parabolic rate constant. The defect reaction is predominant in the formation of yttrium vacancy. The diffusion coefficient of yttrium ion is given where is activity of and is oxygen pressure.
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Kawamura et al. (1995) studied this question.