A review ofScolytodesFerrari (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) associated withCecropia(Cecropiaceae) in the northern Neotropics

The taxonomy of Cecropia-associated Scolytodes (tribe Ctenophorini) is reviewed. Five species are described as new to science: S. borealis (Nicaragua to Mexico), S. caudatus (Costa Rica), S. hondurensis (Honduras), S. pacificus (Isla del Coco) and S. suspectus (Panama). Scolytodes acuminatus Wood and S. punctifer Wood are elevated to species status. Scolytodes obscurus (Wood) is recorded from Central America and S. ovalis (Eggers) from Venezuela and Panama for the first time. Keys to adults of all associated species are provided. New character states for Scolytodes include a five-segmented antennal funiculus in some small species and that the two most distally placed, lateral teeth of the protibiae are of socketed origin, although embedded in cuticle. A tentative phylogenetic analysis indicated that some species associated with Cecropia leafstalks had ancestors breeding in Cecropia branches. At least seven independent adaptive lines, however, could be traced into Cecropia indicating that the last common ancestor of the species treated herein, did not breed in Cecropia. However, several clades consisting of possible sister species which are parapatrically distributed, indicated that dispersal and subsequent speciation have taken place after the hypothesised ancestors evolved breeding in leafstalks.