Japanese firms have made the transition from 'imitator' to 'innovator' during the 1980s. This has been achieved through the use of a variety of strategies and the integration of technologies with various managerial functions. The paper attempts to analyse this process of integration, taking the example of Japanese innovations in advanced technology. It examines the characteristics of the Japanese innovation system, and takes as examples Hitachi and Nippon Steel Corporation. A model of the Japanese innovation process is proposed and discussed.
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Bowonder et al. (1993) studied this question.
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