Putative Mechanisms of Viral Transmission and Molecular Dysregulation of Mammary Epithelial Cells by Human Papillomavirus: Implications for Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Several studies have demonstrated the presence of Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in breast cancer samples. However, the role of HPV in breast carcinogenesis is not clear, and the interaction mechanisms between this infectious agent and the breast cancer cell need to be more fully clarified. In this article, we discuss the putative roles of HPV infection in breast carcinogenesis.