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The wave propagation through a photonic crystal with a triangular lattice of air holes realized in the InP-InGaAsP heterostructure are studied theoretically for the transverse magnetic modes. The photonic crystal possesses a negative refractive index, and the self-focus of the beam is successfully observed. The weak side beams are observed due to high-order Bloch waves in the photonic crystal. The coupling efficiency for the outgoing waves to a waveguide is also studied.
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Qiu et al. (2003) studied this question.
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