The observation of molecular orientations in crystal defects and the growth mechanism of thin phthalocyanine films

The crystal imperfections in very thin films of metal-phthalocyanines were observed by means of high-resolution electron microscopy. It was revealed that the anisotropic molecular shape played an important role in the formation of the defect and grain boundaries. The quasi-amorphous state of phthalocyanine was found in which the existence of a linear crystal, a molecular column, was confirmed in the early stages of the formation of the three-dimensional crystal.