The Relationship between Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase with Dyslipidemia in Coronary Heart Disease

BACKGROUND: Dyslipidemia is a medical condition that refers to an abnormal of blood lipids level, most common is hyperlipidemia. Elevation of blood lipid such as cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, or a low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level induces disturbance of endothelial function. Endothelial dysfunction in dyslipidemia is in large part due to a reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) which is synthesized by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) which will trigger the development of atherosclerosis, and increases the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). AIM: This study aims to determine the relationship of lipid profiles of dyslipidemia with eNOS levels in CHD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study design was a cross-sectional study. The sample in this study was 26 patients which diagnosed as CHD of outpatients in the department of cardiology of a regional general hospital and fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fifteen healthy individuals who come for the general check-up were included as a control group. Blood samples were collected for measurements of eNOS levels and lipid profiles that carried out according to laboratory standards. Statistical analyses were conducted using analysis of variance and Shapiro–Wilk test. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that eNOS levels in the group of CHD patients (24.174 ± 7.136 ng/ml) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those in the control group (72.092 ± 30.065 ng/ml). The mean of triglycerides and HDL levels has a weak correlation with the level of eNOS (p > 0.05). The mean of LDL level has moderately positive correlation with eNOS, while cholesterol has a moderate negative correlation with the level of eNOS (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that high cholesterol levels and low HDL levels in dyslipidemia condition were correlated with eNOS, which has a protective function in CHD.