TcUBP-1, an mRNA Destabilizing Factor from Trypanosomes, Homodimerizes and Interacts with Novel AU-rich Element- and Poly(A)-binding Proteins Forming a Ribonucleoprotein Complex

Trypanosomes, protozoan parasites causing worldwide infections in human and animals, mostly regulate protein expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms and not at the transcription initiation level. We have previously identified a Trypanosoma cruzi RNA-binding protein named TcUBP-1. This protein is involved in mRNA destabilization in vivo through binding to AU-rich elements in the 3'-untranslated region of SMUG mucin mRNAs (D'Orso, I., and Frasch, A. C. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 34801-34809). In this work we show that TcUBP-1 is part of an approximately 450-kDa ribonucleoprotein complex with a poly(A)-binding protein and a novel 18-kDa RNA-binding protein, named TcUBP-2. Recombinant TcUBP-1 and TcUBP-2 proteins recognize U-rich RNAs with similar specificity and affinity through the approximately 92-amino acid RNA recognition motif. TcUBPs can homo- and heterodimerize in vitro through the glycine-rich C-terminal region. This interaction was also detected in vivo by co-immunoprecipitation of the ribonucleoprotein complex and using yeast two-hybrid assay. The poly(A)-binding protein identified was shown to disrupt the formation of TcUBP-1, but not TcUBP-2, homodimers in vitro. The possible role of TcUBP-1 ligands in the pathways that govern mRNA-stability and stage-specific expression in trypanosomes is discussed.