Lacherade JC, Auburtin M, Cerf C, et al . Impact of humidification systems on ventilator-associated pneumonia: a randomized multicenter trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;172:1276–82.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Q Does the method of airway humidification (heat and moisture exchangers with microbiological filters [HMEFs] or heated humidifiers [HHs]) affect the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in adults? ### ![Graphic][5]Design: randomised controlled trial. ### ![Graphic][6]Allocation: concealed. ### ![Graphic][7]Blinding: blinded (microbiologists confirming VAP). ### ![Graphic][8]Follow up period: up to 28 days of mechanical ventilation. ### ![Graphic][9]Setting: 5 intensive care units (ICUs) in 2 university affiliated teaching hospitals in France. ### ![Graphic][10]Patients: 370 patients >18 years of age (mean age 55 y, 70% men) who required mechanical ventilation (eg, nasotracheal, orotracheal, or tracheostomy tube) for >48 hours. Exclusion criteria were previous ventilation for >24 hours, contraindications to HHs (eg, active … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DAm%2BJ%2BRespir%2BCrit%2BCare%2BMed%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1164%252Frccm.200408-1028OC%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F16126933%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1164/rccm.200408-1028OC&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=16126933&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febnurs%2F9%2F3%2F82.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000233182200008&link_type=ISI [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [6]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [7]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [8]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif [9]: /embed/inline-graphic-5.gif [10]: /embed/inline-graphic-6.gif
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MacLeod et al. (2006) studied this question.