Micrometer polystyrene particles were uniformly assembled into a two-dimensional structure on an indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) electrode. An array of zinc oxide (ZnO) microcavities was fabricated with the template of the assembled polystyrene particles by electrodeposition. Due to the resistance gradient of the ZnO cavity structure, the ZnO cavity exhibits a confinement effect on the electrochemical reactions, making the electrode function as an array of “soft” microelectrodes. The electrochemical reduction of silver cations leads to the formation of the silver nanoparticles localized at the bottom of the ZnO cavities.
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Zhou et al. (2008) studied this question.
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