An experimental study has been made of the propagation of ultrasound in liquids under both free-field and guided-wave conditions. Free-field measurements have been made from 1 to 20 Mc in low absorbing liquids, employing both circular and square sound sources. These measurements indicate that the correction for diffraction loss predicted by existing theories is applicable only so long as this loss is smaller than the true absorption. Attenuation measurements also have been made in liquids confined in various cylindrical and rectangular metallic waveguides. For a given configuration, the observed variation with path length of the attenuation follows closely that predicted theoretically for propagation in a solid sample of the same dimensions. Some consideration is given to possible sources of this result which differs somewhat from the predictions of current theories.
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Carome et al. (1961) studied this question.