Enhancement of the electro-optic modulation efficiency in lithium niobate whispering gallery mode microdisk modulators

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Recent developments in photonic integrated circuits require dense integration of electro-optic devices with minimal energy consumption on-chip. Thin-film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) has emerged as one of the most promising material platforms for photonic integration, owing to recent advances in scalable fabrication techniques, a high electro-optic coefficient, sub-picosecond response time, and a wide transparency window. In this paper, we demonstrate efficient electro-optic tuning of an x-cut LNOI microdisk resonator with integrated electrodes. The microdisk modulator device's cross-section exhibits voltage-length products down to 4.70 V ·cm in a non-push-pull configuration. We compare the voltage-length product associated with the enhanced whispering gallery mode cross-section of the microdisk modulator to that of the microring and the Mach-Zehnder modulators, implemented on the same platform.