A concept for single-frequency microwave imaging using orbital angular momentum (OAM) carrying wave is introduced. The orthogonality of OAM waves, which is well suited for compressed sensing, enables the reconstruction of a sparse scene with limited measurements. A traveling wave circular slot antenna is demonstrated to generate the OAM carrying wave theoretically and experimentally. Using a set of illumination patterns radiated from the designed OAM antennas as the measurement modes, the echo signals versus OAM modes are acquired and the scene is reconstructed based on computational imaging methods. This microwave imaging scheme is verified by a proof-of-principle experiment at a single frequency without mechanical scanning or beam-forming technologies.
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Chen et al. (2017) studied this question.
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