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Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen responsible for a spectrum of illnesses, including dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. Nearly half of the global population is at risk of DENV infection, making it a pressing public health issue worldwide. The limited cross-protection among the four DENV serotypes (DENV1–4) and the phenomenon of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) have posed significant challenges to the development of effective dengue vaccines. Furthermore, there are currently no specific antiviral treatments available. This review provides an overview of DENV’s key characteristics, clinical manifestations, and recent advancements in antiviral drug development, aiming to offer critical insights to inform strategies for managing and preventing dengue outbreaks. • There are no effective antiviral drugs available for dengue virus (DENV). • Drug repurposing, peptide-based drugs, antibody therapies, natural products and host factor inhibitors are under exploration. • Toxicity, adverse effects, and a lack of appropriate animal model impede DENV antiviral clinical translation. • Combination therapies and broad-spectrum antiviral agents for DENV infection represent key directions for future research.
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Jiang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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