Control of Beam Direction for Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Slot Array Antenna Using Metasurface

The method to control the aperture phase distribution of antenna using a metasurface is proposed to point the antenna beam to desired directions. A 1 × 10 substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) slot array antenna directly integrated with the metasurface of double-layer miniaturized framed Jerusalem crosses is, for example, designed to achieve the oblique radiation beam in 30° at Ka-bands. In order to achieve a full 360° transmission phase range, part of SIW slots are inverted to obtain additional 180° phase shift so that more than 400° phase shift range is realized. The measured results show that the beam directions are within 29.3 ± 1° from 34.25 to 35.75 GHz with a return loss better than 15 dB. The measured maximum gain is 12.1 dBi at 34.75 GHz. The combination of the array antenna and the metasurface features a low profile, simple structure, and flexible design for oblique beam application.