Key result
Prophylactic parenteral paracetamol significantly reduced the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates compared to no treatment (17.1% vs 65.7%, p<0.0001).
Why the study?
To evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic parenteral paracetamol to minimize rates of ductus patency among preterm infants.
Does prophylactic parenteral paracetamol reduce the rate of ductus patency in preterm infants?
Case-Control (n=70)
No
Does prophylactic parenteral paracetamol reduce the rate of ductus patency in preterm infants?
Absolute Event Rate: 17.1% vs 65.7%
p-value: p=<0.0001
Prophylactic parenteral paracetamol significantly reduces the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus and shortens hospital stay in preterm infants compared to no treatment.
May support paracetamol prophylaxis in preterm neonates; hypothesis-generating and requires RCTs before practice change.
Objective: To find out the effectiveness of prophylactic parenteral paracetamol to minimize rates of ductus patency among preterm infants. Study Design: Case-control study. Setting: Department of Pediatrics, Sughra Shafi Medical Complex, Sahara Medical College, Narowal, Pakistan. Period: March 2020 to February 2021. Material & Methods: A total of 70 neonates (35 cases and 35 controls) having gestational age less than or equal to 34 weeks were enrolled. All 35 cases were administered prophylactic parenteral paracetamol as 20 mg per kg stat and 7.5 mg per kg 6 hourly for 1st 3 days of life while all controls were given no drugs. Echocardiography was performed in all 70 neonates after 1st three post-natal days to identify PDA. Data was analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Results: In a total of 70 neonates, 37 (52.9%) were male and 33 (47.1%) female. Overall, mean gestational age was noted to be 32.1+1.47 weeks while mean body weight was recorded to be 1424.6+229.7 grams. There were 6 neonates (17.1%) among cases who were found to have PDA in comparison to 23 (65.7%) in controls (p<0.0001). Four (11.4%) neonates died in case group in comparison to 7 (20.0%) among controls (p=0.3245). Mean duration of hospitalization was recorded to be 20.52+8.2 days in case group in comparison to 24.81+4.6 days among controls (p=0.0088). Conclusion: Prophylactic parenteral paracetamol was found to prevent ductus patency among preterm neonates. In comparison to controls, duration of hospital stay was significantly short among neonates who were administered prophylactic parenteral paracetamol.
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Madni et al. (2021) conducted a case-control in Preterm infants at risk of patent ductus arteriosus (n=70). Prophylactic parenteral paracetamol vs. No drugs was evaluated on Rate of ductus patency (PDA) identified by echocardiography after the first 3 post-natal days (p=<0.0001). Prophylactic parenteral paracetamol significantly reduced the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates compared to no treatment (17.1% vs 65.7%, p<0.0001).
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