We study optical transitions of strongly coupled GaAs/(Ga,Al)As superlattices in an electric field. With progressing field strength we observe (i) the interference of Wannier-Stark and Franz-Keldysh oscillations; (ii) Wannier-Stark ladders belonging to the first and second allowed transition; (iii) nondiagonal Wannier-Stark transitions and anticrossings of different levels; and (iv) a Zener breakdown with removal of all sharp transitions. We demonstrate that the standard approximation of the eigenstates by Kane functions is valid only for small fields; for intermediate fields quantitative and qualitative differences to the exact solution are noticed; and the electrical breakdown at high fields cannot be described by Kane functions.
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Glutsch et al. (1999) studied this question.
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