Rare Earth Metal Single Crystals. II. Magnetic Properties of Tm, Eu, Sm, and Yb

Magnetic-moment measurements are presented for single-crystal Tm, Eu, Sm, and Yb along principal axes. The 4.2°K data for Tm and Eu extend to 140 kG, and the Sm and Yb results, at low field, range from 4.2° to ∼300°K. Almost complete ferromagnetic alignment in Tm is attained for 140 kG along the [101̄0] direction. A value of almost 7 μB is observed. Eu is antiferromagnetic, shows a linear variation of σ vs Bo up to 140 kG (in disagreement with earlier data), and appears to be isotropic. The susceptibility for Yb shows a small isotropic paramagnetic component, possibly caused by impurities. Single-crystal data show that Sm is a uniaxial antiferromagnet with spins aligned along the c axis and TN=14°K.