A dc mode compatible ZnO–Y2O3 composite humidity sensor operating at room temperature was fabricated by the conventional solid state route. The base matrix was doped with Li+ to enhance the sensitivity. The activation energy for dc conductance was found to be 0.75 eV. Thermoelectric power measurements revealed the nature of the materials to be of n-type. Resistance measurements were made on the composites at different relative humidities, generated by using different water buffers. The firing temperature was varied and the ZnO–Y2O3 composite sintered at 1273 K showed maximum sensitivity, which is attributed to an increase in porosity.
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Raj et al. (2002) studied this question.
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