Contactless radar-based heart rate estimation in palliative care – a feasibility study and possible use in symptom management

Figures

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  Fig. 1. (a) Radar system with four continuous-wave radar modules and ADC (Analog to Digital Converters) board. (b) Position of the radar modules underneath the head section of the slatted frame (indicated in green). Source: Schellenberger et al. 2020 [11]

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  Fig. 2. Scatter plot of all 4079 valid five-minute intervals of the overnight measurements: Comparison of the mean HR values of the radar and the Holter ECG; dashed line: angle bisector, solid line: regression line

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  Fig. 3. Modified Bland-Altman plot of all 4079 valid five-minute intervals of the overnight measurements – comparison of the mean values of HRradar and HRECG; blue line: overall mean of the HR differences; red lines: (mean of all HR differences) ± 1.96 · σ

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  Fig. 4. Scatter plot of the rolling mean values of all 57,048 heart beats of the one-hour measurements: Comparison of the HR values (rolling mean over 10 beats) derived from the radar data (HR radar) and from the ECG data of the TFM (HR ECG); dashed line: angle bisector, solid line: regression line

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  Fig. 5. Modified Bland-Altman plot of all 57,048 heart beats of the one-hour measurements – comparison of the rolling mean values of HRradar and HRECG; blue line: overall mean of the HR differences; red lines: (mean of all HR differences) ± 1.96 · σ; red dashed box: outliers related to specific patients (VALp002, VALp004, VALp014 and VALp015), comprising less than 3% of all data points

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  Fig. 6. Course of radar-estimated HR over time for one patient; each data point represents the mean HR of a 30-seconds time interval; the pink line indicates the time of administration of 1 mg hydromorphone (s.c.) and 62 mg of dimenhydrinate (i.v.). Clinical health records (CHR) document relief of pain and nausea 20 min after application of medication

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  Fig. 7. The pink line indicates the time of administration of 0.5 mg hydromorphone (s.c.) for dyspnoea. Clinical health records (CHR) document relief of dyspnoea approx. 30 min after application of medication

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  Fig. 8. The pink line indicates the time of administration of 0.5 mg hydromorphone (s.c.) for pain. According to the CHR the patient reported to have no effect on symptom burden