Key result
COVID-19 non-pharmacological interventions in Beijing were associated with a significant reduction in hand-foot-and-mouth disease, with 2,172 actual cases in 2020 compared to 23,276 predicted cases (p=0.0002).
Why the study?
Non-pharmacological interventions during the COVID-19 epidemic may have affected the incidence of other infectious diseases, prompting an investigation into their impact on hand-foot-and-mouth disease incidence in Beijing.
Do non-pharmacological interventions during the COVID-19 epidemic reduce the incidence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Beijing?
Observational (n=212,273)
Do non-pharmacological interventions during the COVID-19 epidemic reduce the incidence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Beijing?
Absolute Event Rate: 2172% vs 23276%
p-value: p=0.0002
Non-pharmacological interventions implemented for COVID-19 were associated with a significant reduction in the reported incidence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Beijing in 2020.
May reduce HFMD incidence during outbreaks; leaves open targeted use outside pandemics.
The non-pharmacological interventions during the COVID-19 epidemic period may also affected the incidence of other infectious diseases. This study used the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to predict the theoretical incidence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in Beijing in 2020, then used the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test to compare it with the actual value, in order to explore the impact of public health prevention measure on the incidence of HFMD during the COVID-19 epidemic period. Between January 2013 and December 2019, 210,101 cases of HFMD were reported in Beijing. The number of reported cases in Beijing in 2020 decreased by 92.7% compared to the average annual number of reported cases from 2013 to 2019. The optimal model (1,1,1) (1,1,1) 12 established in this study predicted the monthly incidence of HFMD in 2020, the model-fitting effect was good, the test results showing that there was a statistically significant difference between the predicted and actual number of HFMD cases in 2020. Epidemic prevention measures during the COVID-19 epidemic period had a great impact on the incidence of HFMD in Beijing.
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Zhao et al. (2023) conducted an observational in Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) (n=212,273). COVID-19 non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) vs. Predicted incidence without NPIs (based on 2013-2019 data) was evaluated on Number of HFMD cases in 2020 (95% CI 7,752-70,055, p=0.0002). COVID-19 non-pharmacological interventions in Beijing were associated with a significant reduction in hand-foot-and-mouth disease, with 2,172 actual cases in 2020 compared to 23,276 predicted cases (p=0.0002).
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