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The existence of exotic spin-dependent interactions is predicted by various new physics theories. These interactions generate macroscopic forces on polarized spins that can be detected with a magnetometer. The Sun and Moon could be considered mass sources capable of generating such interactions through axion, Z boson, or unparticle exchange. New experimental upper limits on exotic spin-dependent interactions mediated by axions or Z bosons at astronomical ranges are derived by analyzing magnetometer data measuring Lorentz and CPT violation. Additionally, the first upper limits on monopole-dipole spin-dependent interactions mediated by unparticles are obtained.
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Wu et al. (2023) studied this question.
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