Effect of the Antibiotic Thiopeptin on Clostridium perfringens and Growth and Feed Efficiency of Broiler Chicks

Experiments were conducted to determine the potential of the antibiotic thiopeptin as a growth permittant for poultry. Thiopeptin as the semipurified antibiotic and as fermentation solids demonstrated activity against Clostridium perfringens at .03 ppm based on suppression of gas production in an anaerobic tube test. Supplementing a soybean protein and sucrose-based diet with levels of 2.2, 11, and 55 ppm of thiopeptin from each of the two sources resulted in significant improvements in weight gain and feed efficiency of chicks fed the higher levels. Computed indexes for each antibiotic treatment showed that the antibiotic as fermentation solids was slightly more active than the semipurified material at the lower levels. Supplementing the soybean protein and sucrose-based diet with 1.1, 5.5, 16.5, and 55 ppm thiopeptin reduced significantly (P less than .01) the numbers of C. perfringens organisms in ileal contents of chicks. Chicks fed 5.5, 16.5, and 55 ppm thiopeptin also had significantly fewer C. perfringens organisms in the intestine than those fed 1.1 ppm. A discussion is presented of the biological responses of thiopeptin relative to the antibiotics efrotomycin and bacitracin.