Polymer surfaces and interfaces in light-emitting devices

In the context of polymer electronic devices, it is of critical importance to understand the nature of the polymer surfaces and the polymer-electrode interfaces. It has been shown that for conjugated polymers, photoelectron spectroscopy, especially in connection with quantum chemical modeling, provides a maximum amount of both chemical and electronic structural information in one type of measurement. Here are delineated some particular features of the surface electronic structure of conjugated polymers and their interfaces with certain metals and a particular semiconductor, indium-doped tin oxide.