Hepatitis B virus may affect 1 in 20 of the earth's population.1 Transmission is through blood, sexual intercourse, and unsterile inoculation injury; vertical transmission occurs in utero and post partum. The consequences of infection are potentially fatal and include chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and primary hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Sivarajasingam et al. (1995) studied this question.