Programmatic and Participatory: Two Frameworks for Classifying Experiential Change Implementation Methods

This work introduces two broad, conceptual frameworks, programmatic and participatory, for classifying experiential change implementation methods. Grounded in scholarly and empirical research, several benefits and limitations of each theoretical change implementation framework are proposed. In addition, six propositions for testing the validity and utility of the programmatic and participatory frameworks are advanced. This article concludes with a discussion of implications for organizational change practitioners.