The effect of the pregnancy‐induced hypertension on fetal growth: a review of the literature

Understanding how pregnancy-induced hypertension affects fetal growth could suggest a particular biological mechanism leading to intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and improve our understanding about how other exposures affect the risk of IUGR. It is hypothesised that hypertension reduces uteroplacental perfusion and through this route inhibits fetal growth. Definitions and associated incidence rates are given. The findings from the epidemiological literature on hypertension in pregnancy and fetal growth are then critically discussed and summarised. Finally, the steps to be taken next in this area of research are outlined.