Natural limonite, after a simple magnetic separation, was investigated as a low-cost catalyst in a Fenton-like system. The materials were characterized with temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), infrared spectroscopy, N 2 adsorption/desorption, and 57 Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Results showed that the main iron oxide phases in the materials were goethite (αFeOOH) and maghemite (γFe 2 O 3 ) before and after the magnetic separation, respectively. The catalytic tests were carried out using quinoline as a model compound because it simulates the behavior of an important class of pollutants present in the fuel, i.e., nitrogen-containing compounds from contaminated petroleum. Quinoline was found to be oxidized through a successive hydroxylation mechanism. These results strongly suggest that highly reactive hydroxyl radicals, generated during the reaction involving H 2 O 2 on the catalyst surface, are responsible for this oxidation and confirm that the material is an efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst.
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Souza et al. (2009) studied this question.
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