Relationship between breast arterial calcification and lipid profile, plasma atherogenic index, Castelli's risk index and atherogenic coefficient in premenopausal women

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the breast arterial calcification (BAC) and the plasma atherogenic index (PAI), atherogenic coefficient (AC), Castelli risk index-I (CRI-I) and Castelli risk index-II (CRI-II). This retrospective study included 60 premenopausal women aged over 40 years with BAC on mammograms and control group of 60 women without BAC. Serum glucose, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoproteincholesterol (LDLc), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc), and total cholesterol (TC), levels were measured. Lipid indices were calculated using the appropriate formula. LDLc, non-HDLc levels were significantly higher, HDLc levels were siginificantly lower in patient group compared to the control group (p = 0.007, p = 0.027, and p = 0.014, respectively). Patient group had significantly higher PAI, AC, CRI-I and CRI-II levels than the control group (p = 0.003, p = 0.002, p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between BAC and PAI, AC, CRI-I and CRI-II (r = 0.267 and p = 0.003, r = 0.282 and p = 0.002, r = 0.282 and p = 0.002, r = 0.271 and p = 0.003, respectively). LDLc and non-HDLc were positively correlated whereas HDLc was negatively correlated with the BAC (r = 0.188 and p = 0.039, r = 0.202 and p = 0.027, r = − 0.223 and p = 0.014, respectively). BAC is a valuable tool for the prediction of deranged lipid profile. Dyslipidemia, PAI, AC, CRI-I and CRI-II are risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis. Our results indicate that BAC is potentially useful tool for the detection of dyslipidemia and early atherosclerosis in premenopausal women.